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MA Ren-Min. Laser miniaturization——from maser, laser to spaser and beyond[J]. PHYSICS, 2023, 52(9): 633-639. DOI: 10.7693/wl20230905
Citation: MA Ren-Min. Laser miniaturization——from maser, laser to spaser and beyond[J]. PHYSICS, 2023, 52(9): 633-639. DOI: 10.7693/wl20230905

Laser miniaturization——from maser, laser to spaser and beyond

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  • Received Date: June 26, 2023
  • Available Online: September 21, 2023
  • The invention of the laser has greatly advanced modern science and technology, and recently, microscale lasers have emerged as a cornerstone of modern information technology. In this article we review the background, underlying physics, and development of laser miniatur‐ ization while also discussing the diverse applications of microscale lasers.
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