Line focusing——a key factor in the generation of saturated output from X－ray lasers

Since the first demonstration of X－ray laser the pump design has developed from transverse to longitudinal to the new grazing incidence pumping scheme, the main objective being to realize saturated output. Line focusing is a key factor in the generation of saturation output through uniform irradiation. With the development of various pumping schemes a series of line focus systems have been successfully implemented. An overview of the main types of these systems will be presented.